A Versatile and Nutritious Marine Resource Gaining Global Recognition
Layang scad, also known as shortfin scad (scientific name: Decapterus macrosoma), is a pelagic schooling fish widely distributed across tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Often referred to simply as round scad or mackerel scad, this species belongs to the Carangidae family and is prized for its firm, meaty texture and distinctive flavor. In China, it is commonly known as "Balang yu" , which is the Chinese name for blue round scad.
Core Nutritional Value
Layang scad is a nutrient-dense seafood option with remarkable health benefits:
High-Quality Protein:
As a rich source of essential amino acids, layang scad supports muscle repair and overall body function. A 2015 study found that Indian scad fishmeal (Decapterus russelli) contains as high as 89.26% protein, with excellent mineral content including 36.66 ppm iron.
Rich Vitamin A:
Layang scad is rich in vitamin A, which plays an important role in protecting vision, promoting growth and development, and enhancing immunity.
Essential Minerals:
It contains abundant minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, iron, and zinc, which are vital for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids:
Rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, layang scad is highly effective in regulating hormone levels and supporting cardiovascular health.
Processing and Applications
Layang scad is celebrated for its versatility in food processing. It is widely used for frying, mincing to make balls and fish cakes, and as a base for fish sauce. Popular regional dishes include Ginataang Layang Scad (a traditional coconut milk stew from the Philippines) and Sarciadong Layang Scad (tomato and egg preparation). In Japan, according to industry sources, layang scad is made into "Kusaya" dried fish on the Izu Peninsula, where it is regarded as a high-value product. It is also increasingly being explored for fish oil production, with potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Sustainable Fishery Management
Scientific research continues to support the sustainable management of layang scad fisheries. A 2023 stock assessment of Decapterus macrosoma in the South China Sea using data-poor length-based methods confirmed the economic importance of this pelagic fish, as it is widely distributed across tropical, subtropical and temperate oceans. A 2026 study on the use of various fishing gears and transport schemes for captive breeding of shortfin scad has established the first protocols for the live capture and transport of this species, marking a significant step toward its development as a potential new species for aquaculture. Additionally, a 2024 stock assessment for Decapterus macrosoma estimated F/F MSY = 0.81 and B/B MSY = 2.4, indicating that the stock is in a healthy state (Kobe green).
Global Market and Outlook
Layang scad is a popular fish in daily meals thanks to its nutrition and reasonable price. Major exporting countries, including China and Vietnam, ship large quantities of frozen layang scad to markets across Japan, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Taiwan. It is also exported to African markets including Tanzania, Benin, and Ghana. The fish is available in various processed forms-frozen whole round, salted, dried, smoked, and canned-catering to diverse consumer preferences worldwide.
With growing consumer awareness of sustainable seafood and increasing demand for high-quality marine protein, layang scad is poised to play an increasingly important role in the global seafood industry. Its combination of nutritional excellence, processing flexibility, and strong market demand makes it a highly promising species for continued industry development.
